Annals of Behavioural Science

Description

Survivors of traumatic events may develop a range of psychopathology, across the internalizing and externalizing dimensions of disorder and associated personality traits. However, research into personality-based internalizing and externalizing trauma responses has been limited to cross-sectional investigations of comorbidity. Personality typologies may present an opportunity to identify and selectively intervene with survivors at risk of posttraumatic disorder. Therefore this study examined whether personality prospectively influences the trajectory of disorder in a broader trauma-exposed sample. Many international studies in the field of Internet use and Problematic Internet Use (PIU) have shown strong and frequent relationships with psychopathology. However, few researches have investigated the relationships between PIU and personality variables such as defense, coping and pathological traits.

Underlying Causes of Brittle Diabetes

The term “brittle” is used to describe an uncommon subgroup of patients with type I diabetes whose lives are disrupted by severe glycaemic instability with repeated and prolonged hospitalization. Psychosocial problems are the major perceived underlying causes of brittle diabetes. In children with Loss of Control (LOC) over eating, recent research has revealed evidence for distinct personality features, such as more impulsivity. The aim of this study was to assess parent- and child-report personality profiles in children with and without LOC over eating and to relate these profiles to general and eating-disorder psychopathology. The current study investigated the relationship between nightmare experience, psychopathology and personality in a sample of 148 Australian school students aged between 12 and 18 years. In this sample, adolescents who experienced high levels of nightmare sleeping distress also tended to experience high levels of nightmare waking distress. Adolescents who experienced higher frequency of nightmares also tended to experience higher levels of nightmare waking distress. Frequency of nightmares was not associated with nightmare sleeping distress.

Nightmare Sleeping Distress

No significant difference for gender was found on any of the nightmare measures. All psychopathology scores inter correlated strongly and psychopathology was associated with all three nightmare measures. Anxiety was the most commonly reported correlate of all three nightmare measures. The hypothesis that nightmare sleeping distress was predicted by personality and psychopathology was partially supported. Nightmare sleeping distress was more likely to be associated with high levels of neuroticism and with lower levels of psychoticism, but not with extraversion. However, other hypotheses predicting a mediational model for personality and psychopathology with nightmare frequency and nightmare waking distress were not supported. Eating disorders are some of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and manage. Family interacts with genetic dispositions and other pathogenic factors, and may influence the outburst, development and outcome of EDs. The present study explores with a cluster analysis the personality traits of parents of ED subjects. Personality traits are dispositions to act, think or feel. The Personality Psychopathology Five model includes the following traits to describe personality: Aggressiveness, Psychoticism, Lack of Control, Neuroticism and Introversion. In P300 associations have been observed between amplitude and personality traits: in the neuroticism and psychoticism traits less amplitude is reported while in the extroversion, openness, kindness and responsibility traits the amplitude is greater. In P300, two subcomponents, P3a and P3b, have been described. The Continuous Performance Test is a series of neuropsychological assessment paradigms that have been used to favour P300. The aim of this research was to describe the relationship between Personality Psychopathology Five and P300 in healthy young adults. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of underlying causes for the development of Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) and assess comorbidity with other mental disorders through the analysis of data from a clinical sample of college students who presented for treatment of IAD. The clinical sample of our study has demonstrated a high percentage of comorbidity with Axis I and II disorders, while the temporal precedence of the establishment of those disorders cannot lead to specific conclusions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different personality traits on risk alcohol consumption, self-perceived problems and drinking behavior patterns, in the line of the “big three” personality model proposed by personality measures. The participants were 312 men and 356 women healthy between 18 and 30â?¯years old. Our results showed that the Impulsive-disinhibited personality factor were strongly related with alcohol consumption, drinking problems and drinking patterns, while Anxiety and Sociability factors were not related with alcohol variables using a Structural Equation Models (SEM). Impulsive/disinhibited personality variables had a stronger and direct effect on drinking problems, alcohol consumption, and pattern of drinking behaviour. Experiential Avoidance (EA) is an important factor in maintaining different forms of psychopathology including Borderline Personality Pathology (BPD). So far little is known about the functions of EA, BPD features and general psychopathology for positive emotions. In this study we investigated three different anticipated pathways of their influence on positive emotions. The interplay of personality and psychopathology has been of substantial interest since the beginning of medicine and continues to be a clinically significant yet highly challenging focus of investigation. There is considerable empirical support for the important contributions that personality traits provide to the development of and resilience to psychopathology within mixed-age populations. However, the relationship of personality to mental health and psychopathology within the aging population is only just beginning to be studied. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate and to hopefully further the development of informative research on the interaction of personality and psychopathology within the aging community. Psychopathological vulnerability may be related to certain personality traits. The aim of this study was to explore the association of minor affective psychopathology and the regular use of psychotropic medication with temperament and character profiles from Cloninger's personality model, in a sample of active professional people.